SpringBoot的WebSocket实现单聊群聊
本文实例为大家分享了SpringBoot的WebSocket实现单聊群聊，供大家参考，具体内容如下
说在开头
在HTTP协议中，所有的请求都是由客户端发送给服务端，然后服务端发送请求
要实现服务器向客户端推送消息有几种methods:
1、轮询
大量无效请求，浪费资源
2、长轮询
有新数据再推送，但这会导致连接超时，有一定隐患
3、Applet和Flash
过时，安全隐患，兼容性不好
消息群发
创建新项目:
添加依赖：
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.webjars</groupId> <artifactId>sockjs-client</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.webjars</groupId> <artifactId>jquery</artifactId> <version>3.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.webjars</groupId> <artifactId>stomp-websocket</artifactId> <version>2.3.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.webjars</groupId> <artifactId>webjars-locator-core</artifactId> </dependency>
创建WebSocket配置类:WebSocketConfig
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker//注解开启webSocket消息代理
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
/**
* 配置webSocket代理类
* @param registry
*/
@Override
public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic"); //代理消息的前缀
registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app"); //处理消息的方法前缀
}
@Override
public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
registry.addEndpoint("/chat").withSockJS(); //定义一个/chat前缀的endpioint,用来连接
}
}
创建Bean
/**
* 群消息类
*/
public class Message {
private String name;
private String content;
//省略getter& setter
}
定义controller的方法:
/**
* MessageMapping接受前端发来的信息
* SendTo 发送给信息WebSocket消息代理，进行广播
* @param message 页面发来的json数据封装成自定义Bean
* @return 返回的数据交给WebSocket进行广播
* @throws Exception
*/
@MessageMapping("/hello")
@SendTo("/topic/greetings")
public Message greeting(Message message) throws Exception {
return message;
}
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="/webjars/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="/webjars/sockjs-client/sockjs.min.js"></script>
<script src="/webjars/stomp-websocket/stomp.min.js"></script>
<script>
var stompClient = null;
//点击连接以后的页面改变
function setConnected(connection) {
$("#connect").prop("disable",connection);
$("#disconnect").prop("disable",!connection);
if (connection) {
$("#conversation").show();
$("#chat").show();
} else {
$("#conversation").hide();
$("#chat").hide();
}
$("#greetings").html("");
}
//点击连接按钮建立连接
function connect() {
//如果用户名为空直接跳出
if (!$("#name").val()) {
return;
}
//创建SockJs实例,建立连接
var sockJS = new SockJS("/chat");
//创建stomp实例进行发送连接
stompClient = Stomp.over(sockJS);
stompClient.connect({}, function (frame) {
setConnected(true);
//订阅服务端发来的信息
stompClient.subscribe("/topic/greetings", function (greeting) {
//将消息转化为json格式，调用方法展示
showGreeting(JSON.parse(greeting.body));
});
});
}
//断开连接
function disconnect() {
if (stompClient !== null) {
stompClient.disconnect();
}
setConnected(false);
}
//发送信息
function sendName() {
stompClient.send("/app/hello",{},JSON.stringify({'name': $("#name").val() , 'content': $("#content").val()}));
}
//展示聊天房间
function showGreeting(message) {
$("#greetings").append("<p>"+message.name + ":" + message.content + "</p>");
}
$(function () {
$("#connect").click(function () {
connect();
});
$("#disconnect").click(function () {
disconnect();
});
$("#send").click(function () {
sendName();
})
})
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>
<label for="name">用户名</label>
<input type="text" id="name" placeholder="请输入用户名">
</p>
<p>
<button id="connect" type="button">连接</button>
<button id="disconnect" type="button">断开连接</button>
</p>
<p id="chat" style="display: none;">
<p>
<label for="name"></label>
<input type="text" id="content" placeholder="聊天内容">
</p>
<button id="send" type="button">发送</button>
<p id="greetings">
<p id="conversation" style="display: none;">群聊进行中</p>
</p>
</p>
</body>
</html>
私聊
既然是私聊，就要有对象目标，也是用户，可以用SpringSecurity引入
所以添加额外依赖：
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency>
配置SpringSecurity
@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Bean
PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
.withUser("panlijie").roles("admin").password("$2a$10$5Pf0KhCdnrpMxP5aRrHvMOsvV2fvfWJqk0SEDa9vQ8OWwV8emLFhi")
.and()
.withUser("suyanxia").roles("user").password("$2a$10$5Pf0KhCdnrpMxP5aRrHvMOsvV2fvfWJqk0SEDa9vQ8OWwV8emLFhi");
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.permitAll();
}
}
在原来的WebSocketConfig配置类中修改：也就是多了一个代理消息前缀:"/queue"
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker//注解开启webSocket消息代理
public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
/**
* 配置webSocket代理类
* @param registry
*/
@Override
public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic","/queue"); //代理消息的前缀
registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app"); //处理消息的方法前缀
}
@Override
public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
registry.addEndpoint("/chat").withSockJS(); //定义一个/chat前缀的endpioint,用来连接
}
}
创建Bean:
public class Chat {
private String to;
private String from;
private String content;
//省略getter& setter
}
添加controller方法：
/**
* 点对点发送信息
* @param principal 当前用户的信息
* @param chat 发送的信息
*/
@MessageMapping("chat")
public void chat(Principal principal, Chat chat) {
//获取当前对象设置为信息源
String from = principal.getName();
chat.setFrom(from);
//调用convertAndSendToUser("用户名","路径","内容");
simpMessagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(chat.getTo(), "/queue/chat", chat);
}
创建页面：
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script src="/webjars/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="/webjars/sockjs-client/sockjs.min.js"></script>
<script src="/webjars/stomp-websocket/stomp.min.js"></script>
<script>
var stompClient = null;
function connect() {
var socket = new SockJS("/chat");
stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
stompClient.connect({}, function (frame) {
stompClient.subscribe('/user/queue/chat', function (chat) {
showGreeting(JSON.parse(chat.body));
});
});
}
function sendMsg() {
stompClient.send("/app/chat",{},JSON.stringify({'content' : $("#content").val(), 'to': $("#to").val()}));
}
function showGreeting(message) {
$("#chatsContent").append("<p>" + message.from + ":" + message.content + "</p>");
}
$(function () {
connect();
$("#send").click(function () {
sendMsg();
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p id="chat">
<p id="chatsContent">
</p>
<p>
请输入聊天内容
<input type="text" id="content" placeholder="聊天内容">
<input type="text" id="to" placeholder="目标用户">
<button type="button" id="send">发送</button>
</p>
</p>
</body>
</html>
暂结！
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT技术网。
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